草坪坪床建设前的准备
Preparation of lawn bed before construction
1、清理场地
1. Clean up the site
清理场地主要是为了将影响草坪生长的杂物清除，例如碎石、树枝和垃圾等。将土壤表面30厘米以上的杂物清除，确保坪床的质地疏松、平整、透气。如果有残留其它植物的地下根，也要一并清除。否则腐烂后会使地面形成洼地。
The main purpose of cleaning is to remove the debris that affects the growth of the lawn, such as gravel, branches and garbage. Remove the debris above 30 cm from the soil surface to ensure that the texture of the bed is loose, smooth and breathable. If there are residual roots of other plants, they should also be removed. Otherwise, it will cause the ground to form a low-lying ground.
2、清除杂草
2, weed out weeds
要建好草坪就离不开杂草的清除，杂草的问题必须先解决好才行。主要的防治手段为机械除草、除草剂除草和土壤熏蒸。
To build a lawn is indispensable to weed removal. The problem of weeds must be solved first. The main control methods are mechanical weeding, herbicide weeding and soil fumigation.
机械除草：主要是指靠人工定期修剪，手工拔除，除草机清除等物理除草方式，也是最传统的除草方法。这种方法的最大缺点是耗费人力，特别是面积大的区域，人工成本非常高。
Mechanical weeding is mainly based on manual weeding, manual removal, weeding and other physical weeding methods, and is also the most traditional way of weeding. The biggest drawback of this method is the cost of manpower, especially in areas with large area. The cost of labor is very high.
除草剂除草：常用的除草剂有选择性除草剂和非选择性除草剂。除草效率高，人工费用要比机械除草低。缺点也很明显，使用不当会导致其它植物的伤害，对草坪环境产生影响。
Herbicide weed control: herbicides commonly used are herbicides and non selective herbicides. Weeding efficiency is high and labor cost is lower than mechanical weeding. Disadvantages are also obvious. Improper use can cause damage to other plants and have an impact on the turf environment.
土壤熏蒸：减少杂草最有效的方式，还可杀死土壤中的有害病虫。常用的熏蒸剂有棉隆、氯化苦、溴甲烷等。因为熏蒸剂都具有毒性，所以在使用时需要格外注意安全，对于使用人员还需要经过严格培训方可上岗。
Soil fumigation: the most effective way to reduce weeds is to kill pests and diseases in the soil. Commonly used fumigant are cotton, chlorine, methyl bromide and so on. Because fumigant is toxic, it is necessary to pay special attention to safety when using it. For users, they need strict training before they can be employed.
3、土壤PH值调整
3. The adjustment of soil pH value
草坪的适宜PH值一般在6到7左右。如果酸碱值出现波动就要及时调整。这个要根据所种植的草坪草种决定。若要降低PH值则加入硫酸铅，若是升高PH值则加入磷酸钙或石灰。
The proper pH of the lawn is about 6 to 7. If the acid and alkali value fluctuates, it should be adjusted in time. This is based on the lawn grass planted. If the pH value is lowered, lead sulfate is added. If pH is increased, calcium phosphate or lime is added.
4、施肥
4. Fertilization
在土壤当中加入适量的有机肥料，提高土壤中的养分，保证草坪的正常生长需要。一般有机肥有泥炭、厩肥、堆肥等。可根据草坪种植所在地条件自行选择。
Adding proper amount of organic fertilizer to the soil can improve the soil nutrients and ensure the normal growth of the lawn. The general organic manure has peat, manure, compost, etc. It can be selected according to the conditions of lawn planting.
5、平整翻耕
5. Smooth tillage
如果草坪的种植面积很大，建议用大型工作机械操作建坪。小面积区域可使用传统耕种工具人工作业。运动场应该中间隆起，以利于向四周排水。
If the lawn area is very large, it is recommended to use large machinery to operate the lawn. Small area can be manually operated using traditional farming tools. The stadium should be raised in the middle to facilitate drainage.
6、排灌系统建设
6. Construction of irrigation and drainage system
排灌系统经常会因为造价原因被人所忽视。对于一块草坪而言，排灌系统都是建设工程当中不可缺少的一部分。尤其是运动场用草坪，如高尔夫球场和足球场等，排灌系统的作用至关重要。
Irrigation and drainage systems are often ignored for cost reasons. For a lawn, irrigation and drainage system is an indispensable part of construction projects. Especially in sports grounds, such as golf courses and football fields, irrigation and drainage systems play a very important role.