绿化用草坪种植技术
Planting techniques for greening turf
一、绿化用草坪草种的选择
Selection of green lawn grass
根据草坪对环境条件的要求来选择合适的草种。草种大体可分为冷季型草和暖季型草。冷季型草是指种植在北方冷湿和冷干旱、半干旱地，在15～25℃下最好的草坪草。我国在草坪生产上常用的有7个草种，匍匐翦股颖、细弱翦股颖、草地早熟禾、早熟禾、细羊茅、高羊茅和多年生黑麦草。其中最重要的是草地早熟禾、高羊茅和多年生黑麦草。以及匍匐翦股颖（适合北方种植及建设绿地用）。
According to the requirements of the lawn for environmental conditions, choose the suitable grass species. Grass species can be divided into cold season grass and warm season grass. Cold season grass is the best lawn grass planted in the north cold wet, cold arid, semi-arid dry land at 15~25 degrees Celsius. In China, there are 7 kinds of grass species commonly used in lawn production, namely creeping bent grass, weak grass, Poa pratensis, Poa pratensis, fescue, tall fescue and perennial ryegrass. Among them, Poa pratensis, Festuca arundinacea and perennial ryegrass are the most important. And creeping creeping plants (suitable for planting and building green land in the North).
暖季型草是指种植在温湿和温暖干旱、半干旱南部各地，最适合的生长温度是26～35℃，当温度在10℃以下时则出现休眠状态。主要分布在我国长江以南的广大地区。暖季型草主要有以下几个品种：结缕草、假俭草、野牛草、狗芽根和钝叶草。
Warm season grass refers to the planting in warm and wet, warm arid, semi-arid south, the most suitable growth temperature is 26~35 degrees, when the temperature is below 10 degrees, the dormancy state occurs. It is mainly distributed in vast areas south of the Yangtze River in China. Warm season grass mainly has the following varieties: Zoysia japonica, centipede grass, Buffalo Grass, dog bud root and blunt leaf grass.
二、种植技术
Two. Planting technology
1、精细整地，施足底肥
1. Fine ground, foot manure
种植草坪对土壤条件要求高，建植前要求土地非常平整，每667平方米内高度差在3～5厘米内。粘重土壤或含沙量较高的土壤都必须进行改良，便于禾草成坪后起草打卷。整地的同时要施足底肥，有条件的地区可施用腐熟的有机肥，也可用化肥，一般每平方米用二铵5克，氯化钾5克。
Turf requirements for soil conditions are high. Land requirements are very smooth before planting, and the difference is within 3~5 centimeters per 667 square meters. Soil with high viscosity or high silt content must be improved so as to facilitate the drafting and marking of grass. At the same time, the base fertilizer should be applied to the soil preparation. In the suitable area, the organic fertilizer can be used and the fertilizer can also be used. In general, 5 grams of ammonium chloride and 5 grams of potassium chloride are used for each square meter.
2、建立良好的排灌系统
2. Establish a good irrigation and drainage system
草坪生产对土壤水分要求较严格，特别是在播种后到出苗的这一段时间里，表土（2～3厘米）既不能因水分消耗而干燥，又不能田间溃水，所以必须建立良好的排灌系统。
Turf production has a strict requirement for soil moisture, especially in the period of time after sowing and seedling emergence. The surface soil (2~3 cm) can not be dry because of water consumption and can not break water in the field, so a good irrigation and drainage system must be established.
3、品种选择
3. Selection of varieties
一般草坪在建坪时，应用不同的草种混合播种或用同一草种的不同品种混合播种，而不提倡单独播种单一的品种。一般配合比例：2/3草地早熟禾十1/3高羊茅，2/3草地早熟禾十1/3黑麦草或不同品种的草地早熟禾混播。
When the lawn is built, different kinds of grass are used to sow mixed sowing or to be sowed with different varieties of the same kind of grass, but it is not advocated to sow a single variety. General proportions: 2/3 Kentucky bluegrass ten 1/3 tall fescue, 2/3 Kentucky bluegrass ten 1/3 ryegrass or different varieties of Poa pratensis mixture.